Novels
Introduction
The Novel is an
old from of the history of English literature. Novel was started during the
time of Elizabethan Age. The first English novel is "Pamela" written by Richardson in 1740. Then the novel rapidly
increases in the field of English literature but, the "Novel" as a literature from is new
to India. It was partially non-existence in the Indian language. Besides Sanskrit
novels, the first Indian languages appeared in 1884 and it is Bankimchandra
Chatterjee's. So let us discuss the background, various theme and types
if Indian novel.
Background of the Novel
The translation of western classics including novels followed such
renderings would take the form of adaption, abridgement or even the
bottaminiani translation. However, the real beginnings were with the work of
great Bankimchandra Chatterjee (1838-1944), his first published effort Radioman’s wife 1884 was in English. Meanwhile, Raj Laxmi Devi's 'The Hindu wife' was published in 1881
and Khetrapal Chakravarti's 'sarata and Hinduka' in 1895.
1866 to 1886 novels.......
'Kapalkundala'
'vishavriksh'
'Anandnath'
'Devi Chaudhurain'
Rabindranath Tagore was a considerable novelist in India. He
wrote one or two pieces under the giant shadow of Bakinchandra chatterjee.
Tagore achieved his first success with Chokher Bali (1902). Then Saratchandra Chatterjee also went through Bankini's satge and Tagore's
stage of imitative writing before our growing then both in his best work in
'Srikanta'
'Grihadaha'
'Bipradar'
'Sesprasna'
Variety of Theme and Types
The novel in India whatever its medium is subject to the same or at least
similar discontents and limitation. The novelist is apt either to turn in nostalgia
to the past and glorify and idealized it, or turn to present in a zestier or
protest is not elegist. There is a universal currency of sex and crime and the
explosion of cheap paper backs with their garish Jackets.
After the independence the more serious novelist has shown, how the joy
of freedom have been neutralized by the tragedy of the 'partitiou'. The problem of a choice of
subject, the choice of medium, the choice of technique, the choice of audience.
This problem of choice at various levels bristal with endless difficult.
Historical Theme
History as the theme of creative fiction seems indeed to exercise a special
facination for many an Indian novelist of yesterday and today. Ex- Vimala
Rama's 'Amiba pali' takes
as back to the days of 'Ajatshastra'
and tells the story of the vaishali dancer. Who rejected a kimg's love
and proffered to enter to Buddha's field. A.S.P. Ayer’s
'Chandkya'
and 'Chandragupta' try
to recapture life in ancient India.
Novels of politics
Some novels covered the second world war period in India, the
growing charm between the Hindu and Muslim communities and the Bengal hungers
like N.S.Phadke's "Leaves in the August wind?". Two
of the best novels about the Gandhian civil also disobedience movement in the
early thirties is K.S.Vankataramani's ''Kandan- the Patriot'' and Raja Rao's ''Kanthapura''
Theme of Partitioy
One of the most satisfying imaginative records
of the partitioy are 'Khushwant singh's' ''Train to pakistan'' (1956).
The whole horror is there, but humanity and compssion are there too. In Balachandra
Raja's ''The dark dancer'. We also get glimpse
of partition humors. As Devendra Satyarthi puts out.....
"Literature based on hate and prejudice
can really be great. It was a draw of degradation and cause a draw of human
decay. Showing how the minds of the two communities were of the two-nation
theory''.
Novels of social criticism
Like to the historical novels, the novels of social criticism and social
protest also farinas distinctive group. Rameshchandra dutt's "The Lake of
palurs", is a study of social life in Bengal towards the close of the 19th century. Ramakrishna's ''The Dive for Death'' is women around certain
superstitions that make coward of the character.
Style and technology of Indian Novels
The Indian novelist is not usually attracted to
the new techniques in plotting, narration or characterization. As a rule
descriptions of sex life used to be prudish but the toriting in less inhabited
in novels published in recent years. The stream of consciousness method of
narration is hardly tried by the Indian novelist except G.V.Desni's
''All
about H.Hatterr'' and
Anita Desai in 'peacock
and vices in the city'.
It was mentioned earlier that, since Baking’s time, the Sanyasi has
often figured in Indian novels. In Bhabani Bhattachary's 'kalo', 'The Bogus swami' takes
advantage of human gullibility’s. In R.K.Narayan's ''The Guide''- Raju is a swami by mistake.
Conclusion
Numberless novels are published and they are clearly of unequal quality.
The best novels are not many, but there are some very good novels. Thus the
Indo-Anglican literature continues to grow and flourish these entire novelist
and many have considerably enriched. Indo-Anglican fiction "It has, indeed, bright
future''
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